- Detalles
- Ever since the Luna-3 space station, launched by the USSR in 1959, photographed the reverse side of our natural satellite, invisible from Earth, scientists have been wondering what caused the difference in the relief of the two sides of the Moon. As it turned out, mountainous landscapes predominate on its reverse side, while the lunar "seas", that is, territories once flooded by lava flows, are concentrated on the flatter side facing us. It is these valleys, covered with dark basalt, that create the characteristic pattern that the Chinese and Indians call the "moon hare", and the European tradition - the "moon man" or "moon face".The original solution to the mystery was proposed by astronomers from the University of Pennsylvania, whose article was published on June 9, 2014 in the Astrophysical Journal Letters. According to American scientists, the heat emanating from the ancient Earth played a key role in the formation of the lunar relief.According to the almost universally accepted "Giant Impact theory," the Moon was formed at the time of the collision of the young Earth with the protoplanet Theia, about the size of modern Mars. The material that broke off from both celestial bodies was thrown into Earth's orbit and became its natural satellite.Subsequently, under the influence of Earth's gravity on the molten shell of the Moon, its rotation around the Earth and rotation around its axis synchronized. As a result, she always faces us with one side. The collision of the Earth and Theia was supposed to cause a strong warming of the planets. It is likely that the lunar and terrestrial surfaces remained molten for a long time after the disaster. However, the moon, due to its smaller size, should have cooled faster. Meanwhile, in that distant epoch it was much closer to the Earth (10-20 times). Therefore, when the outer side of the satellite had already cooled down, its opposite hemisphere continued to absorb the heat of the red-hot Earth.Such uneven cooling could lead to differences in the abundance of chemical elements on the opposite sides of the moon. Aluminum and calcium should have been the first to fall to the surface during the condensation of the red-hot steam formed at the time of the collision. As you know, the concentration of these elements on the surface of the moon is indeed very high. But on the reverse side, they should have accumulated faster, forming a solid crust.Hundreds or perhaps thousands of years later, the difference in the chemical composition and temperature of the crust on the different hemispheres of the satellite was probably so high that they began to react differently to the meteor bombardment. On the cold side of the planet, with a thicker and more durable crust, a meteorite impact led to the formation of an ordinary crater. As for the "front" side, especially large meteorites pierced through the thin crust. Basalt lava flowed widely through the faults, forming vast lunar seas instead of small craters.The theory of a Giant collision has recently received new confirmation. According to a study by geochemists from the University of Göttingen, the ratio of oxygen isotopes in lunar rock samples significantly differs from that in the Earth's interior. This is due to the admixture of materials originating from the outer layers of Theia, which are believed to make up to 40 percent of the lunar substance. Юридические услуги в сфере документов становятся все более востребованными в условиях глобализации. UST Group предлагает полный спектр решений: от получения справки о несудимости для тендера до апостиля на все виды документов и сопровождения сделок с недвижимостью. Наше бюро переводов качественно адаптирует тексты под требования зарубежных инстанций. Мы работаем быстро, честно и конфиденциально, помогая тысячам клиентов из Украины и за ее пределами. Наш сайт https://ustgroup.com.ua/ — ваш надежный помощник в мире юридических формальностей.
